Evidence-based articles on CBD mechanisms, clinical trial data, and practical guidance for clinicians and informed patients. We cite primary sources.
All Articles
No standardized CBD dosing protocols exist outside the Epidiolex epilepsy indication — but the evidence supports condition-specific starting ranges, titration schedules, and monitoring frameworks. We cover pharmacokinetics by route (oral 6–19%, sublingual 13–19%, inhaled 31%), starting doses for chronic pain, sleep, anxiety, epilepsy, pets, and seniors, CYP3A4/CYP2C19 drug interaction monitoring, liver enzyme monitoring, a 10-point patient counseling checklist, and a documentation template for charting CBD use.
Read the evidence56 million Americans 65+ face the highest rates of chronic pain, sleep disorders, and polypharmacy. Age-related CYP450 decline and body composition changes fundamentally alter CBD pharmacokinetics. We cover the full drug interaction table (warfarin, statins, antihypertensives, benzos), transdermal evidence for arthritis, fall risk comparison to benzodiazepines, and the "start low, go slow" 5mg geriatric dosing protocol.
Read the evidenceA deep dive into randomized controlled trials, endocannabinoid system mechanisms, and the clinical evidence for CBD as a pain modulator. We examine JAMA, Lancet, and European Journal of Pain data — plus dosing considerations and the CYP3A4 drug interaction pathway physicians need to know.
Read the evidenceShannon et al. 2019 found 66.7% of patients improved sleep scores with 25mg CBD nightly. We examine the serotonin receptor mechanisms, GABA modulation, cortisol reduction, and sedative drug interaction warnings clinicians need to know.
Read the evidenceBergamaschi et al. 2011 (double-blind RCT) found CBD 600mg near-normalized social anxiety responses. Shannon et al. 2019 found 79.2% of patients improved anxiety scores. We review 5-HT1A mechanisms, amygdala modulation, dosing data, and SSRI drug interaction guidance.
Read the evidenceNot all CBD is equal. What to look for in a Certificate of Analysis, red flags in manufacturing claims, and why cGMP certification matters for patient recommendations.
Cornell's landmark 2018 RCT showed 80% of dogs had significant pain reduction. Colorado State replicated it. We review the veterinary evidence on arthritis, anxiety, seizures, species-specific dosing by weight, drug interactions with phenobarbital and NSAIDs, and what to look for in pet CBD products.
Read the evidenceWADA removed CBD from its Prohibited List in 2018, but marketing claims still outpace the evidence. We review anti-inflammatory mechanisms (TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB), CB2 receptor activation in muscle tissue, sleep optimization data, and critical WADA compliance guidance for drug-tested athletes.
Read the evidenceCYP3A4 and CYP2C19 inhibition, high-risk medication categories (warfarin, benzodiazepines, anti-epileptics, immunosuppressants), clinical monitoring protocols, and the bidirectional interaction effect — a complete provider reference.
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